Full Description

Microconstituents such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are often indicators of the potentialinfluence of wastewater on a municipal system. Additionally, there is growingevidence that trace levels of inorganic disinfection byproducts (e.g. Bromate andChlorate) may occur in distribution systems as a result of changes in disinfectionprocesses. To date, there has been no large scale study of their occurrence due tothe complexity and cost of the analytical methods. MWH developed innovativeanalytical methods for these groups of compounds that are amenable to pptsensitivities using sample volumes of 40 ml or less for each of these constituents.The method for PPCPs uses positive and negative mode electrospray detection onan API-5000 LC-MS-MS system and includes analysis of nearly 80 compoundswith reporting limits ranging from 1 to 50 ng/L. The method for PFCs(PFOA/PFOS) has sensitivities of 5 ng/L for each, well below the current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)health advisory levels. For bromate and chlorate, measurements were madeboth with conventional ion chromatography (IC) and also by LC-MS-MS via anadaptation of the method of Snyder et al (2005) and USEPA 331.These methods were applied to examine municipal distribution system samplesalong with sites undergoing further water treatment processes from across theUnited States as a result of other ongoing testing. Includes 8 references.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2009 Number of Pages: 5File Size: 1 file , 770 KB