Full Description

In the last decade water treatment plants that utilize microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration(UF) membrane systems have significantly increased in North America and around theworld. Decreasing installation costs, increasing knowledge in operating low pressuremembrane systems, and the number of competing new products in the marketplace, haveall contributed to the increase in the number of installations. Even though the low-pressuremembrane technology has gained wide acceptance in the drinking water industry and alarge number of successful plants are in service, a number of limitations still exist. Operationof membrane plants still remain almost an art and the nature of some of the limitations suchas inefficient chemical cleanings cannot be easily determined. The quality of the feed waterdictates a careful selection of the right product (and operating parameters) and pretreatmentwhen membranes are considered for a plant. For certain water sources, installation ofMF/UF plants are not economically feasible. In this paper, cost curves (construction,operation and maintenance) illustrate the break even points forpretreatment options for plants with different flow ranges. Water quality data from a recentpilot study and performance from full-scale plants is presented to develop flux ratesand the pretreatment requirements. Parametric cost tools and past plant cost data will beused in developing curves for plants at various flow rates ranging from 10 MGD to 50 MGD. Includes 2 references, tables, figures.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2009 Number of Pages: 9File Size: 1 file , 770 KB