Full Description

This powerpoint presentation presents the following topics: AWWA/IWA Water Audit and water balance approach;real losses;apparent losses and unbilled authorized consumption; current approach assumes all losses are non-revenue water (NRW); revenue and non-revenue water; four scenarios that consider the same example water balance, i.e. losses at 25.5% of system input volume (SIN); compounding errors; and, cost benefit analyses. Presentation conclusions indicate that: the water audit and water balance approach is an extremelyuseful tool for any utility to manage its existing losses andidentify capital expenditure requirements for future lossreduction; all loss components have an implicit impact upon therates design (and vice versa); the repeatability, reproducibility, accuracy, and stability ofthe source data must be fully understood;the effect that errors can have upon the results andrecommendations must be fully understood; utilities must know the economic levels of each losscomponent (even if the current levels are included withinthe rates design);these levels should be re-evaluated on an annual basis todetermine if economic changes can justify investment toreduce any or all components; and,loss reduction results in increased revenue for additionalinvestment, future planned capital works, or delayingfuture rates increases. Includes tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2008 Number of Pages: 34File Size: 1 file , 2.6 MB