Full Description

To address hypolimnetic anoxia and the subsequent transfer of dissolved Fe and Mn to the bulkwater, the Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) installed an oxygenation system inCarvin's Cove Reservoir (CCR). Following the installation of the oxygenation system, theconcentrations of both Fe and Mn were substantially decreased in CCR, indicating thatsource water control of dissolved metals can be accomplished with hypolimnetic oxygenation. Hypolimnetic oxygenation maintained dissolved Mn concentrations in the bulk water at or belowthe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) throughout the 2007 stratified period, minimizing the transport of Mn from thebenthic region to the bulk water. This was achieved by maintaining elevated dissolved oxygen (DO) as well asmixing. Oxygenation also appeared to facilitate the oxidation and precipitation of Mn prior todestratification in the event Mn did transfer to the bulk water (from upstream regions wherewater is in contact with relatively anoxic sediments). If operated correctly, oxygenation can beused to manage Mn in the source water, substantially reducing the amount that has to beremoved during the treatment process. Includes 9 references, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 01/01/2008 Number of Pages: 13File Size: 1 file , 610 KB