A high manganese (Mn) concentration in sourcewater is a common problem faced by water utilities.Utilities often remove this Mn by oxidationof the manganous ion (Mn2+) to manganese oxide(MnO2(s)) using an oxidant, such as chlorine dioxide(ClO2). Excess MnO2(s) may remain in the water aftertreatment, causing brown staining on plumbing fixturesand laundry. Many water utilities experience Mnproblems from effluent concentrations as low as 20ug/L, leading some utilities to strive for finished waterMn2+ concentrations
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Edition: Vol. 95 - No. 1 Published: 01/01/2003 Number of Pages: 11File Size: 1 file , 260 KB