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Disinfection studies have been numerous since the publication of the Chick-Watson law almost one centruy ago. Nevertheless, most of the past scientific literature describes disinfection fundamentals based on work in ultra-pure buffered waters in order to avoid several confounding factors present in natural waters, such as turbidity, natural organic matter, ionic strength, etc. As US disinfection regulations are getting more stringent, the safety factor to account for "natural water effects" must be correctly assessed to avoid over-designing disinfection contactors. The impacts on Cl2 and ClO2 efficacy of turbidity, natural organic matter, pH and temperature were studied at the bench-scale level and completed in two successive tasks. Initially, assays were conducted in synthetic waters to explore the impact of pH, temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and turbidity under reproducible conditions. A subsequent task was completed using untreated surface waters from various sources in the US and Canada in order to confirm the role of turbidity and DOC on disinfection efficiency. Includes 10 references, tables, figures.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2002 Number of Pages: 16File Size: 1 file , 380 KB