Full Description

Chloramines have gained increased attention as a mechanism of providing distribution system disinfectant residual while balancing issues related to the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), biofilm control, nitrification, and chlorinous taste and odor. However, the drinking water industry still does not have a comprehensive document that addresses operational and practical issues related to chloramination in drinking water facilities. The Chloramine Treatment Survey presented in this paper is part of a larger project with goals to develop practical chloramination guidelines for use in the Utility Operation Toolbox and to update the American Water Works Association Research Foundation Manual entitled "Optimizing Chloramine Treatment" published in 1993. The survey centers on practical experiences and engineering/operational solutions that can be applied to solve chloraminated systems problems. The survey questionnaire focused on four key areas: decision approach for choosing chloramination; engineering design guidelines; procedures regarding the start-up and operation of chloramine treatment facilities; and, community relations. The written survey questionnaire was prepared and placed on an internet website, along with a printable form to facilitate survey distribution. It was addressed to utilities using chloramines at the time, as well as utilities considering converting to chloramines to capture the specific issues and concerns of these particular water suppliers. A total of 69 responses were received. Includes table.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2002 Number of Pages: 5File Size: 1 file , 230 KB