Full Description

The source for drinking water in Finland is surface water, groundwater or artificially recharged groundwater. There are approximately 1,500 groundwater plants in Finlant that are microbiologically at a high risk level because in most cases they do not use any disinfection treatment. Campylobacter jejuni has caused waterborne epidemics in several countries. Since the middle of the 1980's, C. jejuni has been identified as the causative agent in several waterborne outbreaks in Finland. Between 1998 and 2001, C. jejuni or C. upsaliensis caused seven reported waterborne epidemics in Finland. In these epidemics approximately 4,000 people acquired the illness. Most of the outbreaks occurred in July, August, September or October. In four of them source water and net water samples were analyzed for total coliforms or fecal coliforms, E. coli and campylobacters. Large volumes of water samples in studies of indicator organisms (up 5000 ml) and campylobacters (4 l - 20 l) increased the possibility to identify fecal contamination and to detect the causative agent from suspected sources. Includes 24 references, table.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 09/22/2002 Number of Pages: 6File Size: 1 file , 210 KB